BIKE SET-UP
A competitive road cyclist sits in the same position for 25-35 hours/week and cycles at a rate of 80-120 rpm, thus performing in excess of 150,000 lower limb repetitions per week! Bike set-up is therefore vitally importent both for performance and to prevent injury. A specialist bike shop needs to set up your bike but here are some common areas that need addressing and the musculo-skeletal problems that can occur if you are not set up correctly.

Seat height
If the seat is too high, power is reduced in the lower limb and there is increased stress on the posterior structures - hamstrings, gastrocnemius and posterior knee joint capsule. In this positon the rider often rocks the bike from side to side to maintain stability which increases fatigue in other structures.
Conversely, a low seat increases hip flexion and increases the load on the patello-femoral joint of the knee resulting in possible anterior knee pain.
Seat fore/aft position
Fore/aft position is important for knee loading. A seat too far forward increases the forces through the patellofemoral joint. If the seat is too far back, the hamstring and gluteal muscles will be overlengthened which reduces the amount of force that they can produce.
Reach
This measurement probably has the most variation with set-up as it depends on rider flexibility, experience, comfort, desired bike handling and aerodynamics.
Cleats
The aim of cleats is to align the hip, knee and ankle. The cleat should allow the base of the first metatarsal to sit over the pedal axis to facliltate maximum leverage through the foot. Riders with narrow hips should place the cleats in their maximum outside position allowing their legs to sit close together and riders with wide hips should do the opposite.
Seats
Comfort on the seat is imperative to endurance cycling. Seats should be narrow enough to allow the legs to pedal freely without impingement.










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